Pekin

As one of the most popular commercial duck breeds in the world, it is not surprising that there are many different strains of pekins. Some are specialized egg layers, some are particularly fast-growing and efficient meat birds, and some are a combination of the two.

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What is a strain? 

In any breeding program, managers have goals of what they are looking to recreate in the next generation. Some characteristics are desirable while others are not, so managers will select the specimens that have the best combination of characteristics while culling the individuals that do not. In commercial breeding programs, closely related individuals may be bred to "lock in" the desired traits. While this will minimize genetic diversity (which is a good thing when it comes to adaptation or matching a changing environment), it will increase the likelihood that the next generation is similar to the previous generation. As time goes on and the breeding program continues, a "strain" is developed. When choosing pekins in particular, it is important to know what strain you are purchasing. If your goal is egg production, you will be very disappointed with a meat-strain hen's output. 
 

Pekins as Meat Birds

Much like the Cornish cross meat chicken that dominates the commercial chicken industry, the pekin reigns king when it comes to commercially produced duck meat. In contrast to the Cornish cross chicken (CCCs), however, the pekin represents a sustainable meat source without the ethical quandaries associated with CCC's. Pekins ARE fast growing, but they are not susceptible to the same musculoskeletal issues that make it nearly impossible for a CCC to become a reproductive adult. A pekin that is allowed to live out its life and reproduce will do just that. 

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Characterized by a mild flavor, pekin meat is tender and juicy while retaining the steak-like characteristics that make duck such a pleasing dish. Pekins can be incredibly fast-growing, with some strains reaching market weight by 49 days. Live weight of mature pekins ranges from 7 to 13 pounds, with drakes being heavier. Butcher weight is from 3.5-6lbs depending on rearing conditions.

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Pekin Personality

This breed is relatively calm, particularly compared to flighty Khaki Campbells, though some strains can be more flighty than others. While they are calm, they are NOT quiet. As with most duck breeds, hens are very loud and very chatty, and there is no hiding a hen duck from your neighbors unless they live a mile away. 

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Pekins are not aggressive, but when raised with chickens, they are able to hold their own. During our first attempts at raising pekins, we brooded ducks and chickens in the same coop in separate areas. By the time they were ready for pasture, we found that the ducks were not nearly as afraid of the chickens as ducks that had never been raised with other fowl. They would stand their ground and often charge chickens when they got too close. 

 

Egg Laying

Egg laying capabilities of Pekins is once again dependent on strain, but output can range from 145-175, with some claims of up to 300 eggs per bird per year. Females begin laying eggs around 5 to 6 months of age, and eggs are extra-large and white. Females are generally not broody, so they will not sit on their own eggs to hatch ducklings.